Chronic Kidney Disease

CKD is a serious condition associated with premature mortality, decreased quality of life, and increased healthcare expenditure.³ It presents a serious challenge for those affected, their families and healthcare providers. ¹

References

¹ EKHA European Kidney Health Alliance; www.ekha.eu.

² Levey A.S. et al., National Kidney Foundation Practice Guidelines for Chronic Kidney Disease: Evaluation, Classification, and Stratification, Ann Intern Med (2003); 139: 137-147.

³ Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO), KDIGO clinical practice guideline for the evaluation and management of chronic kidney disease, Kidney Int Suppl (2013); 3: 1-150.